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-->Exams Driver Download For Windows 10
By Mark Russinovich
Exams Driver Download For Windows 8.1
Published: November 1, 2006
Drivers & Downloads; OS Compatibility Lists; Technical Service Bulletin; Assisted Service; Apple OS Information; Windows 10 Information; Chrome OS Information; Firmware FAQ; Product Information Center; Product Videos; Lexmark MobileTech. Ctrl2Cap v2.0.; 2 minutes to read; m; In this article. By Mark Russinovich. Published: November 1, 2006. Download Ctrl2Cap (48 KB). Ctrl2cap is a kernel-mode device driver that filters the system's keyboard class driver in order to convert caps-lock characters into control characters.
Download Ctrl2Cap(48 KB)
Introduction
Ctrl2cap is a kernel-mode device driver that filters the system'skeyboard class driver in order to convert caps-lock characters intocontrol characters. People like myself that migrated to NT from UNIX areused to having the control key located where the caps-lock key is on thestandard PC keyboard, so a utility like this is essential for ourediting well-being.
Installation and Use
Install Ctrl2cap running the command 'ctrl2cap /install' from thedirectory into which you've unzipped the Ctrl2cap files. To uninstalltype 'ctrl2cap /uninstall'.
How Ctrl2cap Works
On NT 4 Ctrlcap is actually quite trivial. It simply attaches itself tothe keyboard class driver so that it will catch keyboard read requests.For each request, it posts an I/O completion callback, at which point ittakes a peek at the scancode that is being returned. If it happens to bea caps-lock, ctrl2cap changes it into a left-control.
On Win2K Ctrl2cap is a WDM filter driver that layers in the keyboardclass device's stack above the keyboard class device. This is incontrast to the Win2K DDK's kbfiltr example that layers itself betweenthe i8042 port device and the keyboard class device. I chose to layer ontop of the keyboard class device for several reasons:
- It means that the Ctrl2cap IRP_MJ_READ interception andmanipulation code is shared between the NT 4 and Win2K versions.
- I don't need to supply an INF file and have the user go through theDevice Manager to install Ctrl2cap - I simply modify the appropriateRegistry value (the keyboard class devices'sHKLMSystemCurrentControlSetControlClass UpperFilters value).
The disadvantage of my approach is (and this an advantage ordisadvantage depending on your point of view):
- Because I don't install with an INF file via the Device Manager, theuser is not warned that the Ctrl2cap driver file is not digitallysigned by Microsoft.
In this particular case, I felt that the advantages outweigh thedisadvantages. However, before you model a Win2K keyboard filter onCtrl2cap I strongly suggest that you study the kbfiltr example from theWin2K DDK. Kbfiltr's interception point in the key input sequence makesit very easy for kbfiltr to inject keystrokes into the input stream.
More Information
For more information on writing filter drivers (drivers that attachthemselves to other drivers so that they can see their input and/oroutput), here are sources to check out:
- The Windows NT and Windows 2000 DDK samplesrcstoragefilterdiskperf
- The Windows 2000 DDK sample srcinputkbfiltr
- 'Examining the Windows NT File System,' By Mark Russinovich, Dr.Dobb's Journal, February 1997
- The accompanying file system filter driver,Filemon
Download Ctrl2Cap(48 KB)
Runs on:
- Client: Windows Vista and higher.
- Server: Windows Server 2008 and higher.
Exams Driver Download For Windows 7
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Filed under:- Realtek High Definition Audio Driver Download
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